Diabetes is the scourge of the 21st century.This pancreatic endocrine disease can damage all organs.Most kidneys, eyes, heart and blood vessels are affected.Types of diabetes - insulin dependence and insulin.The first species is more likely to suffer from children and young people under the age of 30, and it is transmitted through genetics.In this case, the required standard of living cannot be achieved without the continuous introduction of insulin.The insulin pump is best to handle this task.Type 2 diabetes is found in middle-aged and older people who have gained weight.
In this article, we will consider the differences between the first and second types of diabetes.
Functions of Type 1 Diabetes
The main mechanism of disease development is the lack of insulin.This is the peptide hormone of the pancreas, produced by special beta cells of the pancreas islets in the Langone Islands.Its main function is to ensure that glucose enters the cells.Glucose is the main energy substance, and life is impossible without it.In the first type of diabetes, sugar circulates in the blood but cannot enter the cells.Therefore, based on the determination of glucose in the blood, the diagnosis of the disease is simple.As its level improves, you can make the appropriate diagnosis.This diabetes is called insulin dependence due to the need for constant treatment.
The reason why cell destruction produces insulin is not well studied.The most common autoimmune lesion mechanism is found when their own immune cells attack the pancreas.In a lifetime, all cells will be destroyed.The only treatment is to replace the treatment with insulin.
The types of diabetes are easily distinguished from each other.
Type 1 disease is inherited.Therefore, it begins to appear at a very young age.Most patients are found to last up to 30 years.The severe disease debuted and showed severe symptoms in a short period of time.It is not uncommon when the first type of diabetes manifests itself in coma.
Other characteristics and symptoms include:
- Unbearable thirst;
- Increased appetite;
- Dry mouth
- Urination is enhanced, including at night;
- Significant weight loss;
- Itchy skin;
- obvious weakness;
- Sweat;
- Visual field of view.
Functions of type 2 diabetes
It occurs when the body is constantly intake of glucose.In most cases, obese patients will appear.The mechanism of disease is different, and the human cells either do not sense glucose or insulin.This is due to infringement of metabolic behaviors that occur during obesity.
This disease has not appeared for a long time.The patient then has symptoms - prolonged non-breathing wounds and cuts, dry mouth, visual impairment, long thrush.
Type 2 diabetes is dangerous and has serious complications:
- Vision violation blindness;
- Decreased renal function;
- Development of nutritional ulcers;
- Injury to the myocardium;
- Frequent and persistent infections.
The target organ has a wide spectrum because excess glucose can affect blood vessels.That is to say, all organs and tissues are affected to varying degrees.
Diagnosis of this disease is common for diabetes types 1 and 2.
We examined the differences between the first and second types of diabetes.What do these diseases have in common?
Despite the type of diabetes, the diagnosis is the same.The main test is to determine glucose in the blood.Usually, this indicator does not exceed 5.5 mmol/l.Diabetes are diagnosed when glucose levels exceed 6.1 mmol/L.Intermediate results are not considered disease.Sometimes it increases sugar with colds, injuries, and stress, and does not comply with the test rules and takes some medications.In this case, it is worth repeating the analysis after a few weeks.
In addition to determining blood sugar, other diagnostic methods are also used:
- Determination of glycated hemoglobin;
- Determination of glucose and acetone in urine;
- Identify C peptide.
Under the conditions of the Science Center, in order to distinguish the types of diabetes, the genes responsible for the development of hereditary diabetes are used in controversial situations.
Differences between first and second types of diabetes
The beginning of diabetes
The type of diabetes varies in the onset of the disease.Hereditary diabetes suddenly appears among young people and thin people and needs emergency assistance.
Older people with type 2 diabetes who are overweight do not need emergency intervention.
Insulin Receiving
Treatment of type 1 and type 2 diabetes is necessary.Treatment varies greatly.
Insulin-dependent types of treatment are mandatory.How long will the patient survive without complications and will survive the right choice of insulin treatment.Patients should study in special schools with diabetes to study their own illness and learn to live completely.
The treatments for diabetes obtained are completely different.Only after a long period of severe type 2 diabetes, patients with diabetes are prescribed for insulin after using the entire tablet.
In the modern world, diabetes is not sentenced, and patients can live until they are old and can have children.There are a wide range of specialties that diabetics can master.
First, the diagnosis of type 1 diabetes was determined, and the patient was hospitalized for the choice of insulin dose.After discharge, the diabetic himself controlled his diet, blood sugar and insulin injection levels.You should not be limited to food.The dosage of the drug should correspond to the amount of glucose in the food.There are bread units to measure it.This is a measure of the sugar content in different types of foods.Depending on the amount of bread units in the diet, the patient must inject the same dose of insulin to avoid coma.
Life
For the second type of first type of diabetes, the main focus is on proper nutrition.The patient is forbidden to eat sweet, flour, sweet fruit, juice, and some cereals.If blood sugar is not achieved by changing nutrition, a lower sugar medicine should be prescribed.
The identification of congenital diabetes involves fundamental changes in lifestyle.Now, patients are associated with important doses of insulin.Rejecting treatment means death.
prevention
In addition to treatment, the difference between the two types of diabetes is the possibility of prevention.It is impossible to prevent the first type of diabetes.But Type 2 diabetes is not only possible, but also necessary.Obesity, lack of exercise, and abuse of sweets lead to illness.